Module 1 Basketball

师哈哈达人

module 1 basketball
period 5 reading and writing
module 1 basketball
reading and writing
reading practice
i.reading and writing
reading and writing –1. discuss with your partner
do you like watching basketball or playing yourself?
do you like watching the nba?
who do you like best among the nba players?
are there any chinese players in the nba? if so, who are they?
which chinese player do you think is now going on well in the nba?
do you like him? why? which team is he in now?
reading and writing---2. warming up
position:  c
born: sept. 12, 1980
height: 7-5 /  2,26
weight: 296  lbs. / 134,3  kg.
from : china
his career highlights
ranked third in nba field goal percentage in XX-05 with a .552 average
three-time nba all-star (XX-05)
among nba leaders, ranked seventh in field goal percentage, 13th in blocked shots per game and 15th rebounding average (XX-04)
named starting center for western conference all-star team for second consecutive season (XX)
ranks third in rockets history in career blocked shots per game and eighth in career blocked shots
……
reading and writing ---3. prediction
do you think the head coach of the team is satisfied with him?
anything he is not very good at or used to?
reading and writing---4. practice
read the passage and do activity 1 on page 9
keys:
yes, because he is not aggressive enough.
no, they don’t. they are more polite and not as selfish.
yes, he does, but it will take him some time to get used to playing like that.
reading and writing- 5. language focus
yao, however, is a selfless and kind person.
bring up
in one’ nature
an instant hit
nationwide
aggressive
if necessary
dominate
reading and writing---6. discussion
do activity 2 on page 9 with your partner.
think of some examples of aggressive behaviour?
to compete with players from other countries, what must chinese athletes do?what do they lack? and what are they good at?
reading and writing---7. writing
do activity 3---write a reply after reading the passage about yao ming’s attitude and behaviour in nba
an example
dear editor,
     i’m writing in reply to the article about yao ming .  i like that fact that the article draws attention to…     i would like to say something about…     in my opinion, the reason why… is that…  i believe that chinese sportsmen and women…
                                        yours sincerely,共9页，当前第1页123456789

Module 1 Basketball
                                            xxx
an example
dear editor,
      i am writing in reply to the article about yao ming which appears in your newspaper yesterday. i like the fact that the article draws attention to that china is producing world class sportsmen and women like yao ming. however, i would like to say something about yao ming’s attitude. in my opinion, the reason why he is so “nice” is due to what the situation was like when he played in china. in the shanghai sharks, the whole team played for him and he never had to ask for the ball
he dominate every game. i believe that chinese sportsmen and women are as good- and often better than players from other countries, but we have a natural idea of politeness and team play rather than the individual “star” status which is typical of world basketball and soccer.
                                   yours sincerely,
                                        name
ii.reading practice
reading practice---1. warming-up
do activity 1 on page 11
discuss the questions with your partner or group mates.
focus on:
   what possible risks are there when you play basketball?
reading practice---2. understanding of the title
dizzy heights of school basketball dizzy heights令人眩晕的高度
the dizzy heights of…是习语,指重要的职位,显赫的地位,含有一定的幽默色彩.文章标题表面上用的是常用习语,其含蓄用意却回归在dizzy的本义上(指球员被撞晕),有一语双关之意.
------令人眩晕的校园篮球
reading practice---3. skimming ( the first 3 paragraphs)
why is it said that basketball is a safe sports?
the players’ energy is partly directed upwards, at a 90-degree angle to the ground, and over the heads of the others. so this is less risk of a collision between two players.
reading practice---4. language focus
2. in baseball and american football, the players’ energy moves ___________ to the ground and towards their _____________, so they wear _______ which give _________________ to their heads.共9页，当前第2页123456789

Module 1 Basketball
parallel
opponents
helmets
adequate protection
3. basketball players wear ______________ which are _________ designed to _________ energy when they ________ into the air , they wear no other protection, just ________________.
socks and sneakers
specially
absorb
bound
a vest and shorts
if there is ________________ of direction in their energy, from ___________ to ___________, such as when they _________ across the court, _________ the ball, there is a real danger of personal injury.
an abrupt change
vertical
horizontal
accelerate
bouncing
semantic map of the first 3 paragraphs
reading practice---5. detailed reading
do activity 2, 3, and 4 in your textbook.
key to activity 2 :     d
key to activity 3 :     c
key to activity 4 :     accb
reading practice---6. language focus
at the interval
whereas everyone else was tall and slim with short haircut, joe was short and stout, with long hair and a large belly.
make a circuit of the court
make a controversial pass
commit a foul
a suspension of play
shot the penalty
there were three minutes to go.
9. take possession of
10. …howl loudly in pain, with his nose bleeding and a cut on his left cheek.
11. he lay very still,…
12. joe was a considerate guy, and apologized …, sniffing and weeping, either in pain or in frustration.
13. …has the scar on his face as a souvenir of the tournament.
reading practice---7. practice
keys to activity 5
because the player’s energy is directed upward and there is less risk of a collision.
because there is sometimes an abrupt change of direction in their energy.
despite being short and stout.
because his nose was bleeding and he was lying very still.
because he still has a scar on his face.
reading practice---8. discussion
do activity 6 on page 12.
what improvements would you suggest to make basketball a better game?(group work)
iii.language date bank
language points for reading
1.language date bank ---base-----basis
basis   n.
the basis of morality, friendship
arguments that have a firm basis
be based on/ upon  以…为基础
base… on/ upon…
these charges are based on facts.
he good business was based on good service.
2.language date bank--- attend
attend school
去上学校
attend church
去做礼拜
attend a meeting
出席一个会议
1. 出席，到场(to go to an event such as a meeting or a class.)
two nurses attend (on) the patient.
2. 照料  (to look after someone, especially because they are ill.)
3. attend to 处理
i may be late- i have got one or two things to attend to.
3.language date bank--- average共9页，当前第3页123456789

Module 1 Basketball
(adj.) 平均的
这个州的平均收入是约1，500美元一个月。
the average earnings in the state are about $ 1,500 a month.
2. (n.) 平均，平均水平
这儿冬季平均气温是1度，夏季为23度
here the average of winter temperature is1，and in summer 23.
平均起来，吸烟的男人比女人多。
on average men smoke more cigarette than women.
average
3.(v.) 平均为
我猜想，我每天平均大约要喝五杯咖啡。
i suppose i average about 5 cups of coffee a  day.
nba mvp 1998
above / below the average
高于/低于平均水平
on （the ）average
平均
be about up to the average
几乎达到一般水平
4.language date bank ---admire
赞赏，钦佩
i really admire the way she brings up those kids all on her own.
admire sb for sth.
我佩服她的勇气。
i admire her for her bravery.
5.language date bank--- motivation
动机，动力 (the reasons why you want to do sth) ~ for
      
2.  积极性，主动性[c] (eagerness and willingness to do sth without needing to be told or forced to do it.)
what’s your motivation of becoming a teacher?
jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks motivation.
6.language date bank--- tie
tie … to/onto…, tie up
(v.)
2.  (n.) 平局
tie this label onto your suitcase.
他们把他捆在树上打了一顿。
把这个标签绑在你的手提箱上。
they tied him to the tree and beat him up.
你能帮我把这个包裹捆起来吗？
can you tie up this parcel for me?
the match ended in a tie.
7.language date bank--- score
(v.)得分
score a point/ goal
(n.)比分
the score in the football game was 4 - 1.
足球比赛的比分是四比一。
keep (the) score 记分
three score 六十       four score八十
scores of  许多
8.language date bank--- deserve (v.) 值得，应得
好的工作应得到好的报酬。
good work deserves good pay.
他的确应该送去坐牢。
he certainly deserves ______________.
to be sent to prison
a forced kindness deserves no thanks
one good turn deserves another.
bad acts deserve punishment.
9.language date bank--- bring up
he was brought up by his aunt in the mountains.
he stepped back and brought his hands up.
she is going to bring up the plan at the meeting.
he brought up his dinner.
bring up  1.抚养，培养 2 举起3 提出 4 呕吐
10.language date bank ---nature
peter has a happy nature. he is a good-natured boy.
you will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time.
by nature天生地，生来
against nature违反自然
true to nature 逼真
11.language date bank ---aggressive
dogs trained to be aggressive
aggressive nations threaten world peace.
aggressive weapons.
a good salesman must be aggressive if he wants to succeed.
aggressive  1 （指人或动物）侵略的，好攻击的，共9页，当前第4页123456789

Module 1 Basketball
                       好争吵的
                    2 （指事物或行动）攻击性的
                    3  强有力的，坚持己见的
12.language date bank ---absorb
dry sand absorbs water.
clever children absorb new knowledge easily
   be absorbed in
   被…吸引住,聚精会神做…
the students were completely absorbed in their reading.
13.language date bank ---commit
commit 干（错事，坏事），犯罪
commit murder/  suicide  /  an error
commit  sb./ sth. to sth.交付,投入,记住
commit a man to prison
she committed the instructions to memory.
commit oneself to sth./ doing sth.承担义务
the president is committed to reforming health care.
iv. homework
explain basketball and prepare a “dream team ” of the star players
附语法条目：
词性转换
词性转换几乎可以在所有词性间进行，如名词转换成动词，动词转换成名词，介词转换成动词，副词转换成动词，名词转换成形容词等等，都是常常使用的，在考研翻译中，常见的词性转换方式有以下四种，现一一讲解如下。
词性转换
一、转译成动词
英语和汉语比较起来，汉语多用动词，往往在英语句子中只用一个谓语动词，而在汉语中却可以几个动词或动词性结构连用。
例如：i admire your decision to fight for the difficulties in preparing the examination.
译文：你决定战胜复习考试中的困难，这一点我很羡慕。
在上面的英语句子中，谓语动词只有admires一个词，其它用的是动词派生名词(decision)、不定式（to fight）、分词（preparing）等。但是翻译为汉语，却几乎都用动词来翻译了。由于汉语没有词形变化，但可以几个动词连用。因此，英语中的一些词类（尤其是名词、形容词、副词）在翻译时往往可以转译成动词。
（一）名词转译成动词
英语中有大量由动词派生的名词和具有动作意义的名词以及其它名词往入可转译成汉语动词。
1．由动词派生的名词转译成动词。
rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.
火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
in china, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness.
在中国，人们非常注重讲礼貌。
2．含有动作意味的名词往往可以转译成动词。
a careful study of the original text will give you a better translation.
仔细研究原文，你会翻译得更好。
the sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.
看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。
3．英语中有些加后缀-er的名词，如teacher教师，thinker思想家等等，有时在句中并不指其身份和职业，而是含有较强的动作意味。在汉语中没有恰当的对应名词时，往往可以译成动词。共9页，当前第5页123456789

Module 1 Basketball
he is a good singer.
他唱歌唱得好。
those small factories are also lavish consumer and waster of raw materials.
那些小工厂还在极大的消耗和浪费原材料。
4．有些短语中作为中心主体词的名词往往可转译成动词，如to have a rest 和to have a good look at 里的rest 和look.
you must be tired. why don’t you take a rest?
你一定很累了，为什么不休息一会呢？
the car braked sharply, coming to rest on the edge of the cliff.
汽车猛的刹住，停在悬崖边上。
（二）形容词转译成动词
英语中的形容词，常常与系动词搭配构成“系表结构”。“系表结构”作谓语，从而使这些形容词具有了动作意味，翻译的时候需要转换为动词。这些形容词常常是表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态的形容词，常见的有：
与思维和知觉相关的形容词：aware, conscious, certain, sure, mindful, ignorant, alert等；
与情感相关的形容词：glad, pleased, cautious, careful, angry, happy, exhilarated, excited, confident, thankful, grateful, concerned, eager, afraid, doubtful, sorry等；
与欲望相关的形容词：desirous, hopeful, anxious, keen, enthusiastic, zealous等。
i am anxious about his health.
我担心他的身体健康。
doctors have said that they are not
1. 名词后缀
(1) 具有某种职业或动作的人
1)-an, -ain, 表示"……地方的人，精通……的人”american, historian,
2)-al, 表示"具有……职务的人" principal,
3)-ant,-ent, 表示"……者” merchant, agent, servant, student,
4)-ar, 表示"……的人” scholar, liar, peddler
5)-ard, -art, 表示"做……的人”coward, laggard, braggart(夸张者)
6)-arian, 表示"……派别的人， ……主义的人”humanitarian, vegetarian
7)-ary, 表示"从事……的人" secretary, missionary
8)-ant, 表示"具有……职责的人" candidate, graduate
9)-ator, 表示"做……的人" educator, speculator(投机者)
10)-crat, 表示"某种政体，主义的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat
后缀的用法
11)-ee, 表示"动作承受者" employee, examinee
12)-eer, 表示"从事于……人" engineer, volunteer
13)-er, 表示"从事某种职业的人, 某地区，地方的人" banker, observer, londoner, villager
14)-ese, 表示" ……国人，…..地方的人”japanese, cantonese
15)-ess, 表示"阴性人称名词， actress, hostess, manageress
16)-eur, 表示"……家” amateur, littérateur
17)-ian, 表示"……地方人，信仰…….教的人，从事……职业的人”christian, physician(内科医生)，musician
18)-ician, 表示"精通者， ……家，”electrician, magician, technician
19)-icist, 表示"……家， …….者, …….能手”physicist, phoneticist, technicist
20)-ic, 表示"……者，……师" mechanic, critic
21)-ie, 表示"爱，指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘)
22)-ier, 表示"从事……职业” cavalier, clothier, brazier(黄铜匠)
23)-ine, ian, 表示"阴性人称" heroine, ballerina
24)-ist, 表示"从事……研究者，信仰……主义者" pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist共9页，当前第6页123456789

Module 1 Basketball
25)-ive, 表示"动作者，行为者” native, captive
26)-logist, 表示"……学家，研究者" biologist, geologist(地质学家)
27)-or, 表示"……者" author, doctor, operator,
28)-ster, 表示"做…….事情的人”youngster, gamester(赌徒)，songster
29)-yer, 表示" 从事……职业者” lawyer
(2). 构成，具有抽象名词的含义
1)-acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" accuracy, diplomacy
2)-age, 表示"状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称" courage, storage, marriage
3)-al, a) 表示"事物的动作，过程”refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval
b) 表示具体的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal
4)-ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度” endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience
5)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,
6)-bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility, feasibility,
7)-craft, 表示"工艺，技巧” woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft（治国策）
8)-cracy, 表示"统治，支配" bureaucracy, democracy
9)-cy, 表示"性质，状态，职位，级别" bankruptcy(破产)，supremacy
10)-dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom
11)-ery, -ry, 表示"行为，状态，习性" bravery, bribery, rivalry
12)-ety, 表示"性质，状态” variety, dubiety(怀疑)
13)-faction, -facture, 表示"作成，……化，作用" satisfaction, manufacture
14)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood
15)-ice, 表示"行为，性质，状态" notice, justice, service
16)-ine, 表示"带有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine
17)-ing, 表示"动作的过程，结果" building, writing, learning
18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction
19)-ise, 表示"性质，状态” exercise, merchandise(商业)
20)-ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
21)-ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity
22)-ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
23)-mony, 表示"动作的结果，状态" ceremony, testimony
24)-ness, 表示"性质，状态，程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
25)-or, -our, 表示"动作，性质，状态" favor, error,
26)-osity, 表示"动作，状态” curiosity
27)-ship, 表示"情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业” hardship, membership, friendship
28)-th, 表示"动作，性质，过程，状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
29)-tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)
30)-ure, 表示"行为，结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)，
31)-y, 表示"行为的结果，状态，性质” glory, history, victory, inquiry
(3) 带有场所，地方的含义
1)-age, 表示"住所，地点" village, cottage共9页，当前第7页123456789

Module 1 Basketball
2)-ary, 表示"住所，场地" library, granary (谷仓)
3)-ery, ry, 表示"工作场所，饲养所，地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室)
4)-ory, 表示"工作场所，住处" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory
(4) 带有学术，科技含义
1)-grapy, 表示"……学，写法” biography, calligraphy, geography
2)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics
3)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)
4)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)
5)-ery, 表示"学科，技术" chemistry, cookery, machinery
6)-y, 表示"……学，术，法” photography, philosophy
(5) 表示人和事物的总和，集合含义
1)-age, baggage, tonnage
2)-dom, newspaperdom (新闻界)
3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood
4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁)
5)-ure, legislature, judicature
(6) 表示物品和物质名称的含义
1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant
2)-al, signal, pictorial(画报)
3)ar, collar, pillar(石柱)
4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker
5)-ery, drapery(绸缎)
6)-ing, clothing, matting,
7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment
(7) 表示“细小”的含义
1)-cle, particle,
2)-cule, molecule(分子)
3)-el, parcel
4)-en, chicken, maiden
5)-et, pocket, ticket
6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文)
7)-kin, napkin
8)-ling, duckling,
9)-let, booklet
10)-y, baby, doggy
2. 形容词后缀
（1）带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义
1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible
2)-al, natural, additional, educational
3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican
4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent
5)-ar, similar, popular, regular
6)-ary, military, voluntary
7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,
8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine
9)-ing, moving, touching, daring
10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish
11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive
12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory
13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)
(2) 表示“相象，类似”的含义
1)-ish, boyish, childish
2)-esque, picturesque
3)-like, manlike, childlike
4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
5)-some, troublesome, handsome
6)-y, milky, pasty
(3) 表示“充分的”含义
1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
3)-ent, violent,
(4) 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义
1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen
2)-ous, gaseous
3)-fic, scientific
(5) 表示方向的含义
1)-ern, eastern, western
2)-ward, downward, forward
(6) 表示“倍数”的含义
1)-ble, double, treble
2)ple, triple
3)-fold, twofold, tenfold
(7) 表示“数量关系”的含义
1)-teen, thirteen
2)-ty, fifty
3)-th, fourth, fiftieth
(8) 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义
1)-an, roman, european共9页，当前第8页123456789

Module 1 Basketball
2)-ese, chinese,
3)-ish, english, spanish
(9) 表示“比较程度”的含义
1)-er, greater
2)-ish, reddish, yellowish
3)-est, highest
4)-most, foremost, topmost
(10)其他的含义
-less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless
3. 动词后缀
1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成，变成，……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
2)-en, 表示"使成为，引起，使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden
3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
4)-ish, 表示"使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用” separate, operate, indicate
4. 副词后缀
1)-ly, possibly,ftly, simply
2)-ward, -wards, downward, inwards, upward
3)-ways, always, sideways
4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise
共9页，当前第9页123456789

Module 1 Basketball